A Substation is an assembly of apparatus which transform the characteristics of electrical energy from one form to another and provides the necessary protection to each Line/Equipment. A Substation is a link between the generation of power and the ultimate consumer.
Generated power to be evacuated to load centers for consumption. Generating stations are far of from load centers. The process of Generation, Transmission and Distribution requires Substations at various points.
Substations are classified into
Condition monitoring is the process of evaluation the health of different Sub-station equipments through out their service life by conducting non destructive tests at regular intervals. ADVANTAGES:
The Bus Bar arrangement in any Sub Station is based on the following.
Bipolar HVDC Power Transmission System is normally operated in the following modes.
Surge Arrestors are provided to discharge the Switching Over Voltage and Lightning Over Voltages to Earth and protect Line/equipments. CONDITION MONITORING OF LIGHTNING ARRESTOR
Shunt capacitors will provide reactive power compensation to the low Lagging Power Factor loads and hence improve the overall Power Factor of the system.
Series Capacitors are provided in case of long EHV Lines to compensate for the series Inductive reactance of the line so as to enable transmission of higher power over the same line due to reduction in the impedance of the line.
Shunt Reactors are provided in case of long EHV Lines to compensate for the shunt capacitive reactance of the line so that shoot up of Voltage at the receiving end during switching and low load conditions are minimised.
11KV Switchgear is the vital component of any Sub Station feeding the auxiliary supply and power supply to local areas and Industries.
LTAC system consists of 11KV/400V Auxiliary Transformer, LT Switchgear, LT distribution panels, Yard lighting control panels, DG set etc.